分析浅谈浅谈高中英语课堂教学中自主学习

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摘 要:从实施高中新课程改革以来,高中英语课堂教学现状依然严峻,结合多年教学经验,就高中英语课堂教学谈了几点做法。
关键词:高中英语;课堂教学;自主学习
自从2008年秋季我省实施高中新课程改革起,作为一线教
师,我们就从来没有停止过新课改理念下课堂教学的探索与实践。但无须多言,一直以来我们的课堂教学现状依然严峻,教学效率依然低下,其主要原因还在于课堂教学中教师的传统教学观念根深
蒂固,教师讲解“越俎代庖”的现象未得到真正改善,学生学习的主体作用未得到真正落实,学生学习的积极性、主动性和内在的驱动力没有得到全面调动。面对课改,我们渴望;但如何课改,我们缺乏自信。今年年初,在我校全面启动课改、大力倡导教学新模式的推动下,笔者积极地参与学校组织的外出参观学习、调研,主动思索、实践如何在课堂教学中快速掌握新模式,有效运用新模式,感触颇深,下面就高中英语课堂教学中的具体尝试与实践,在此谈几点具体做法。

一、观念更新思想先行,角色转化路在脚下

好的结果源于好的想法,观念更新有助于提高教学水平。在教学中笔者重视改变教师的教和学生的学的观念,把“舞台”让给学生。长期的应试教育使得学生过分依赖教师,依赖课本,并以考试为最终目的,从而丧失了主动学习的机会,禁锢了学生的自主发
展。要开发其潜在能力,就必须改变学生的学习观念。就英语学科而言,首先要使学生明确学习英语的目的是为了能使用这种语言来进行信息交流。因此,语言知识必须转化为语言技能,这个转化过程就是学生进行语言练习与实践的过程。其次,要使学生明白语言作为各类信息的载体,承载着大量的社会知识、自然知识和人文知识,即学生在学习语言的同时,必须丰富各种知识,以满足语言运用的需要。现行教材给我们提供了大量语篇内容,其中包含了历史、地理、文化、风俗、风土人情及人际关系等,在教学中笔者博采众长,形成滋养学生人生的教育合力。总之,要使学生明确他们面临的是更加开放、发达的未来社会,他们必须用未来的人材标准指导自己的学习。最后,让学生意识到只有改变被动吸收的学习状态,才能最终提高英语的学习成绩,更重要的是还能提高自己的综合素质。
另外,教师要改变教学观念,相信学生,敢于放手。其关键在于摸索出一套好的学习指导方法。把教师的“一言堂”和“满堂灌”的主角地位让给学生,教师从“台前”到“幕后”,学生则由接受者变为实践参与者——活动的主体。学生在自主学习的过程中,运用语言知识并转化为己用,同时获得了一个自主学习的空间。实践证明,这样的尝试在高中英语课堂教学中,有益于激发学生自主学习,获得语言技能,提高交流的能力。

二、先学后教学案引领,目标明确优化过程

学习如作画,精美的画作源于事先打好的腹稿。要想提高学生的学习效果,就要让学生明白这节课要学习什么,做到心中有数。学案就是用来指导学生预习基础知识,培养学生自主学习的能力。对教师来讲,可以利用学案大体了解学生对知识的自学情况,在课堂上要重点讲解什么,做到心中有数,这样可以提高课堂效率。
另外在学案的编写和使用中,也要注意符合学生的认知特点和基础水平,太过简单或者难度太大都达不到预计的效果。针对不同层次的班级,采用“同一学案,不同梯度”的编写原则。做到因材施教,每个学生都有不同程度的提高。下面以高中英语人教版Book 8
Unit 2 Reading 学案教学设计为例,介绍笔者的具体做法:

(一)情境创设,问题导学

在高中英语人教版Book 8 Unit 2 Reading教学中,我们用了一幅图片,两位女士在家里喝咖啡,外面的院子里有一个男人在修剪花草,两人正在进行谈话。A:Mary,who is that person?B: He is my husband. A:But I heard he died last year. B:Yes,I had him cloned.导出本节课的topic:clone。学生的注意力很快集中起来,马上投入到课堂中,通过问题导入还可以培养学生的思维能力和想象
能力。紧接着设置情境,提出问题:(1)Has Cloning always been with us?(2)What problems may arise when humans are cloned?
这样的设疑给学生造成了一种悬念,学生将以高度的注意力与浓厚的兴趣投入到材料中,使学生产生强烈的阅读和参与意识。

(二)以学定教,培养能力

Task

1. fast reading

Read the passage and find out the main idea of each paragraph
Para 1____ Para 2_____ Para 3____
Para 4____ Para 5______
A.The problems of Dolly.
B.It is forbidden to clone human being.
C.Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.
D.The effect of Dolly.
E.Cloning has two major uses.
第一步:泛读,做到通读全文,理清文章思路,理解文章大意。
Task

2. Careful reading

Para 1 The definition of cloning
It happens both in ______ and in_______. They can be cloned by ________ and _______.源于:论文大纲www.618jyw.com
What is cloning?
Para 2 The major uses and procedures of cloning

1.How many major uses do cloning he?

2.When was the cloning of Dolly the sheep born?
3.Why is it easier to make commercial plant clones than animal clones?
4.Read the 9 sentences below the picture and get familiar with the procedure of cloning. T or F
(1)Four female sheep participate in the cloning of a new sheep.
(2)Electricity is 摘自:毕业论文的格式www.618jyw.com
needed in the procedure.
(3)Sheep B provides a somatic cell for the clone.
(4)The lamb is the exact copy of the sheep which provides egg cell.
Para 3 Read paragraph 3, answer the questions
1.What was the first clone from an adult animal?

2.At what age did this clone die?

3.Did she develop the illness of older animals?
4.Which one can live longer, clone ones or ordinary ones?

5.The problems of Dolly.

At first,the fact that Dolly developed ______ in a natural way was __________.
Later, the news _____she lived for six years, half the length of the life of the ______ one was __________.
Finally, the problem that occurred to the scientists was that a cloned animal lives
_____________the original one.
Para 4 The impact of Dolly
1.The word “controversial” in para 4 probably means ______.
A.complicated B.arguable C.important
Para 5 People’s reaction to cloning

1.True or false

(1)People feared that Cloned Hitlers would do harm to the world.
(2)All the research into human beings will be forbidden.
(3)Some countries will use cloning in a wise way.

2.The writer’s attitude towards cloning

A.Objective(be fair)
B.Negative(be against it)
C.Positive(be in for of it)
Because__________________________________________
Read 3,4 and 5 again

1.What’s the affect of cloning?

On the one hand ,it opened everybody’s eyes to the ________of using cloning to cure____________and even produce ___________; On the other hand,Its appearance raised a storm of __________and had a great impact on the _______ and public__________.
2.What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning?
Advantages
(1)Cloning plants can produce _________ _________of plants.
(2)Cloning plants can be useful for research on new
species.
(3)Medical cloning could produce ______ for serious illnesses. 源于:硕士论文www.618jyw.com
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